![]() The leaching process used 0.1 1 and 2 M of citric acid with a varied temperature of 30, 60, and 80☌. The spent catalyst is decarbonized with a heat treatment at 725☌ for 10 minutes before the leaching process. The raw material used in this work is spent catalyst from Pertamina Refinery Unit VI, Balongan, Indonesia. The aim of this work is to study the potential of citric acid as a leaching agent to extract lanthanum and nickel in various acid concentration and leaching temperature. ![]() ![]() With the sharp growth in its usage, there is a better way to use and utilize valuable metals from secondary sources such as their disposal rather than using new raw materials. However, their disposal caused serious problems to the environment. Heavy metals and Rare earth elements (REEs) are nowadays being used widely in many industries from electronics to petroleum industries as catalysts.
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